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Detailed Introduction to Satellite Based Mobile Backhaul

Satellite connectivity is an interesting topic that I have covered in this and other blogs. It becomes quite useful in mobile cellular communications when it is used as backhaul from bringing connectivity to rural & remote locations, in addition to serving as an alternative backhaul for emergency and mission critical communications.

YadaCenter has an in-depth tutorial on Satellite Cellular Backhaul which is embedded below. While the video below is very much 2G centric, the fundamentals remain the same when we move to 4G & 5G.





My slides on "A very short introduction to Satellite Communications" from @net_mcr are available to download from: https://t.co/K2AOPOI8II#4G#LTE#5G#satellites#satellitecommunications#missioncriticalcommunications — Andy Sutton (@960sutton) August 13, 2020
Prof. Andy Sutton recently shared a short introduction to satellite communications. While I was not able to find the video, the slides are available here.

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The 3G4G Blog: An Intro…
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Is Li-Fi Gaining Momentum as an Alternative Beyond 5G?

I remember first talking about LiFi back in 2011, but since then things have come a long way. We discussed it being adopted by IEEE in a post couple of years back. IEEE 802.11 Light Communication (LC) TG which is working on 802.11 bb, is also called the Task Group "bb" (TGbb) and is focused on introducing necessary changes to the base IEEE 802.11 Stds to enable communications in the light medium.


Lightbulbs are delivering ultra-high speed #broadband! @ITU#LiFi standard is the first to enable high-speed indoor Visible Light Communication https://t.co/vWKSYrkTBPpic.twitter.com/YHPW7O7mm3 — ITU (@ITU) September 4, 2020
In another post last year, we discussed that even though a lot of terms like LiFi, VLC, etc., are used interchangeably, they all have subtle differences.

Vodafone Deutschland and Signify (formerly Philips Lighting) announced that they are joining forces to interlink the two communication technologies 5G and LiFi, providing their customers with more speed and bet…
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Classifying Voice and Video Experience in Wi-Fi

With everyone working from home in the last few months, it was obvious that many people needed to upgrade their broadband connections. Voice and video calls constitute an increasingly important class of traffic that is carried over WiFi. The experience has not always been perfect and in some cases, even good enough. This is the topic that techies from Mojo networks (now Arista Networks) look in a talk at WLPC Phoenix 2018.


In the video below, a generic codec independent method for measuring the quality of voice and video calls (Skype, GotoMeeting, Hangouts etc.) using supervised machine learning has been presented.

The method involves building a regression model that provides call quality index using training data set comprising of parameters extracted from real data. The regression model is then applied on parameters extracted from live calls by the Access Points that are in the traffic path to measure the quality index of each call. The results aggregated and presented on the cloud …
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5G XHaul Challenge Webinar

While we mostly focus on 5G protocols, architecture, NR, use cases, etc., we often tend to ignore the transport network that plays a critical role in 5G by providing the fronthaul, midhaul, and backhaul infrastructure – collectively known as “xhaul” – which is responsible for enabling the new use cases and applications economically and at scale.


In a special, multi-sponsored Light Reading webinar, 5G experts from Ericsson, Fujitsu, Juniper, and VIAVI Solutions discuss exactly what operators need to do to architect, build, upgrade and maintain their xhaul transport networks to support massive 5G deployments -- including the roles of fiber, DWDM, microwave, switching/routing, and network testing.

The video of the webinar is embedded below but you can get the slides, etc, from the original link here.

Topics addressed in the webinar:
Operator bandwidth requirements in fronthaul, midhaul, and backhaul segments and the impacts on the transport networkWhy and how should operators implement n…
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What is Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) and Why is it Being Talked About so Much?

I realised that even though we have been mentioning CBRS in many different discussions, I have never posted anything about it. So this short blog post has some embedded videos and links for you to learn this topic further.
Before we go any further, let me point out couple of very important things.
CBRS is specific to the US market only - it is not applicable to any other country outside USAThe CBRS spectrum is 3.5 GHz in which LTE will be deployed. The rest of the world is using this spectrum for 5G So the best and very recent tutorial on this topic is from the training company, Award Solutions. A webinar from them is embedded below.



Ruckus Education (Commscope) has a nice popular introduction video as well, that is embedded below as well.



In addition, here are few other resources to read:
LinkedIn Pulse: And the Most-Coveted Auction Item at this Tech Party is... - Mark HarmsThinkSmallCell: CBRS commences Initial Commercial DeploymentiBwave ebook: Private LTE Networks & CBRS - Dean…
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5G Demystified; the What, When and Where by Prof. Andy Sutton, BT

Prof. Andy Sutton, Principal Network Architect, BT Technology, virtually presented an IET talk on '5G Demystified; the what, when and where' 06 Aug 2020.


In the talk, Andy provided an update and review of the transformational plans, capabilities and outcomes from 5G deployments in the UK. 5G networks are already enabling a step change in the range and capability of innovative applications from IoT to robotics. That pace of change is due to accelerate as 5G moves from its initial enhanced mobile broadband phase to deliver ultra-reliable and low latency communications along with massive machine type connectivity. The slides are embedded below and the video can be viewed here.


5G Demystified; the what, when and where from 3G4G
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Connectivity Technology Blog: Two Short Training's on 5G - Beginners & AdvancedThe 3G4G Blog - Prof. Andy Sutton: Backhauling the 5G Experience - Jan 2020Operator Watch Blog - EE: 5G is going to change everything all over againTelecoms …
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Two Short Training's on 5G - Beginners & Advanced

Couple of training's have recently been uploaded for anyone who may still be looking to learn some more 5G, beginners or advanced level.


The first is a beginners level by me, for the CW (Cambridge Wireless) community. The video from CW channel is embedded below and the slides could be downloaded from here.




The other, more advanced version is from NanoCell networks.


The 5G Overview Open Session covers following topics:
Evolution to 5G 5G use cases and Scenarios 5G e2e Architecture 5G Deployment Options 5G Core Network Overview and SB Architecture5G Core Networks Enablers (Slicing , MEC and Orchestration) 


Let me know if you found them useful.

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Connectivity Technology Blog: 5G Demystified; the What, When and Where by Prof. Andy Sutton, BTFree 5G Training3G4G: 5G (IMT-2020) WirelessThe 3G4G Blog: 5G Network Architecture Options (Updated)3G4G: Free 2G, 3G, 4G & 5G Training Videos3G4G: 3GPP 5G Specifications
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A Service-Based Architecture for enabling UAV enhanced Network Services

A recent paper, accepted in IEEE Network Magazine, explores the role of UAVs in facilitating core NFs with radio and backhaul capabilities. It analyses the required advancements in SBA, considering air traffic management, weather conditions and network connectivity and introduces new resource control and management functions to efficiently deal with topology and service assurance.
The use of UAVs for enhancing 5G network services is then evaluated and shown to be useful considering a range of V2X applications. The first part analyses the use of UAVs to enable network services across the RAN, core network and backhaul for supporting various vehicular-to-everything (V2X) applications considering a high mobility environment that brings challenges in service continuity, latency and reliability. Meanwhile, the experimentation analysis, presented in the second part, provides insightful results related to the use of UAVs as edge cloud, evaluating the potential of hosting an ACS function or …
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Verizon and Nokia Put Small Cell in the Air at #OCR2019

Back in 2019, Nokia and Verizon hosted Operation Convergent Response (OCR 2019), a three-day live demonstration for first responders and public safety professionals.


In a simulated live-action crisis scenario, first responders re-enacted a recovery operation during a wildfire in a remote area, with no network available. That was until a small airplane carrying a Nokia LTE small cell solution appeared over the affected area, delivering critical communications to the firefighters on the ground below. You can watch the dramatic rescues in the video below.



More on Operation Convergent Response 2019 and Scenarios are available here.

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Telecoms Infrastructure Blog: Meshing for BYOC (Bring Your Own Coverage)Telecoms Infrastructure Blog: Drones, More Drones & DronewayTelecoms Infrastructure Blog: Flying Small Cells are here...The 3G4G Blog: An Introduction to Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN)Telecoms Infrastructure Blog: Nokia's AirScale indoor Radio (ASiR) Small CellsConnect…
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Paris Metro is now 100% covered with LTE

Paris Metro may not be the oldest in the world but it is still one of the world's oldest. Having first opened in 1900, it was last expanded in 2013. It it no doubt that this was the main motivation for the Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens or RATP excitedly announced that 100% of Paris metro is now covered in 4G!

[Service] Le réseau est désormais 100% couvert en 4G ! Ce service permet notamment un accès facilité à l’information voyageurs en station, dans les tunnels et à bord des trains (applications #RATP et Via Navigo, comptes Twitter de l'entreprise ...) ➡️ https://t.co/pwYYHBPrz6pic.twitter.com/IZ1pcOfjzW — RATP Group (@RATPgroup) June 29, 2020
Mobile Europe reported:

The network was a joint effort between France’s four mobile operators – Bouygues Telecom, Free Mobile, SFR and Orange. 

The service works in the Metro's tunnels and on trains, according to Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP), the authority that runs the city’s Metro and the Réseau Express …
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